When I first time came across "Tesseract" (Hypercube) I could not just
understand how it is made. Strictly speaking, nobody can imagine the objects in 4th dimension space at all. But still we can draw them. How ? Can we draw a 3D cube on a 2D paper ? yes, in the same way we can draw 4D Tesseract on 3D or even 2D space. What we draw is actually projection of 4D object on 3D space.
Projection of Tesseract on 3D space
Courtesy: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Hypercube_cubes.png
Projection of Tesseract on 2D space (drawing on paper)
It's important to understand maths behind hypercube. It goes like this - A point is zero dimensional entiry. It has no edges (boundaries). A line is one dimensional entity whose boundaries are 2 points. Square is two dimensional entity which has lines as its boundaries. And it has 4 lines. Similarly cube is made up of squares as its boundaries. And it has totally 6 squares. So a general rule can be stated as - the entities in lower dimensional space form boundaries of entities in higher dimensional space. And number of boundaries of entity increases by 2 when you move above by one dimension. By this rule, we can easily conclude that the Tesseract is made up of cubes as its boundaries and it has 8 boundaries.
We can draw tesseract in the same way we draw a cube. For drawing a cube, we draw two squares and join their respective corners. So for drawing a tesseract we first draw two cubes on a paper and then join their respective corners points by 8 lines. Now, can you find out 8 cubes in above figures ? What we have drawn is a projection of tesseract, but the animals in 4 dimensional world (if exist any) would not see it like this. It's completely beyond our perceptions because our cognition is designed only for perceiving 3D objects.
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